Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kübra ARICI Author-Email: kubraarici80@hortmail.com Author-Name: Murat ÇİFTÇİ Author-Email: drmuratciftci@gmail.com Title: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN REGIONAL SPECIALIZATION AND SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NURSING EMPLOYMENT Abstract: Patient care is as old as humanity?s history. Nursing care which takes patient care as its focal point is based on thousand years old roots. In the early eras, nursing care was mainly a male based business. But with time passing, woman became more dominant in nursing care. In Turkey, conversion of nursing care outputs into a business overlaps with worldwide as it starts after the Crimean War. But main progress actualized after the Turkish Republic era just like many other areas. In today?s Turkey it can be mentioned that there is a matured nursing care business. In today?s matured nursing care business era, the main topic is whether the policy issue about this occupation causes nurses? regional dispersion to become regional specialization and whether this policy issue has a relationship with socioenomical development. In this study, firstly in nurses? employment regional specialization levels is determined based on nurses? dispersion according to provinces. In the second phrase, relationship levels between LQ values which represent regional specialization levels and sege values which is the most popular scale that representing socioeconomic development in national scale, is questioned. According to the findings, it can be supported that there is a meaningful negative correlation between regional specialization in nursing care employment and socioeconomical development levels in provinces. Journal: Eurasian Business & Economics Journal Pages: 1-21 Volume: 20 Issue: 20 Year: 2019 Month: Feb DOI: 10.17740/eas.econ.2019.V20-01 File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/busecon/article/view/825 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:buseco:v:20:y:2019:i:20:p:1-21 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Muhammet ATALAY Author-Email: atalay@klu.edu.tr Author-Name: Ayşe Nur ÇİFTÇİ Author-Email: aysenurarslann87@gmail.com Title: INTERPROVINCIAL DEVELOPMENT RANKING IN MARKET INSTITUTIONALIZATION: EMPLOYMENT-CENTRIC INDEX PROPOSAL BY PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS ANALYSIS Abstract: Primary labor market has a major role in institutionalization of market economy. The aim of this study is to materialize the development ranking of 81 provinces among themselves according to the level of development of market institutionalization based on the number of employees in enterprises which are primary labor market actors. Data is compiled from the SSI 2016 statistic yearbook. The sequencing is carried out using the principal components technique. The basic components analysis was conducted by taking the number of employees employed in enterprises in 88 fields of activity in 81 provinces. Principal component analysis was applied firstly according to the correlation matrix and secondly according to the covariance matrix. In both applications the same results have been reached in the first three provinces where the most developed and least developed market institutionalization in the provinces rankings is present. In other provinces, a few order changes were observed in the rankings. In both applications, the variance explanation rates of the first principal component were found to be very high (76% for the application based on the correlation matrix; 93% for the application based on the covariance matrix). According to the findings, in both applications Istanbul (1st place), Ankara (2nd place), Izmir (3rd place) and Bursa (4th place) resulted as the first four. The last three provinces with the least market institutionalization were Ardahan (79th), Bayburt (80th) and Tunceli (81st). The findings show that the most developed structure exists in the market institutionalization in the major metropolises where the services and industrial sectors constitute the main economic activities. On the other hand, in provinces with limited population and relatively agricultural and livestock-based trade, it supports the fact that market institutionalization could not develop compared with the country in general. Journal: Eurasian Business & Economics Journal Pages: 22-37 Volume: 20 Issue: 20 Year: 2019 Month: Feb DOI: 10.17740/eas.econ.2019.V20-02 File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/busecon/article/view/826 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:buseco:v:20:y:2019:i:20:p:22-37 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ayfer GEDİKLİ Author-Email: ayfergedikli@yahoo.com Author-Name: Seyfettin ERDOĞAN Author-Email: seyfettin.erdogan@medeniyet.edu.tr Title: AN INVESTIGATION OF MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF AZERBAIJAN Abstract: After the collapse of the USSR, Azerbaijan declared its independence in 1991, and is experiencing pains and structural problems similar to other transition economies. Although Azerbaijan had been an agricultural country for decades, oil has become the most important resource of the country in mid 1990?s. This transformation brought problems such as ?natural resource curse? and ?Dutch Disease?. The government tried to take certain precautions against these risks. In this vein, in this study, the macroeconomic performance of Azerbaijan, facing the similar problems of economies dependent on the export of natural resources will be analyzed as a case study. Besides,the macroeconomic policies applied, the problems encountered and solutions for these problems will be presented. Journal: Eurasian Business & Economics Journal Pages: 38-63 Volume: 20 Issue: 20 Year: 2019 Month: Feb DOI: 10.17740/eas.econ.2019.V20-03 File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/busecon/article/view/827 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:buseco:v:20:y:2019:i:20:p:38-63 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Büşra UZKURT Author-Email: busrakoru@hotmail.com Title: EVALUATION OF WOMEN'S PERCEPTIONS OF CAREER BARRIERS ACCORDING TO DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES Abstract: The main purpose of this study is to measure if the perception of women employees related with their career barriers differs according to demographic variables (age, marital status, number of children, education level, income level, position in the firm, number of the previous work places, and duration of working hours). The data that is necessary for this research were collected via survey method from Organized Industrial Zones located in Ankara. In order to measure career barriers, a scale consisting of 26 expressions developed by ?nand? et al (2009) was used. Survey forms were distributed to 600 women employees who were determined by simple random sampling method within 8 Organized Industrial Zones located in Ankara. In the first stage of the study, basic statistics were calculated that determine demographic characteristics of the sample on the basis of data obtained from female employees. While, in the second stage it was measured by using one way variance analysis whether there is a meaningful change in the perception of women employees according to the demographics variables. Finally for the third phase, validity and reliability analyses were performed accompanied with Explanatory Factor Analysis. As a result of the analyses, a meaningful difference was determined in their views on the status of gender stereotypes according to the martial status of women employees. In addition to this, according to their age status; differences were observed in their view related with duration of working hours, economic status and age status. This study is the first one to examine the relationship between the perception of women employees related with their career barriers and their organizational commitment to the enterprises on manufacturing industry. So, it?s expected that the findings will make an important contributions to the existing literature and organizations in manufacturing industry. Journal: Eurasian Business & Economics Journal Pages: 64-86 Volume: 20 Issue: 20 Year: 2019 Month: Feb DOI: 10.17740/eas.econ.2019.V20-04 File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/busecon/article/view/828 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:buseco:v:20:y:2019:i:20:p:64-86 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Murat Çak Author-Email: cak@istanbul.edu.tr Title: RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE PARTIES IN THE CASE OF RUCUEN COMPENSATION TO THE SUB-CONTRACTOR OF THE PUBLIC INSTITUTION PAYING SUBSTANCE COMPENSATION OF THE SUBCONTRACTOR WORKER AFTER LAW 7166 Abstract: Transferring a part of public services of public establishments to subcontractor by hiring employees through service purchasing within the framework of the Public Procurement Law and Law Public Procurement Contracts Law has become prevalent especially within the last years in our country. In this work, severance payment right of the employees hired through service purchasing in public and the recourse right of the side paying severance payment have discussed after the law numbered 7166. Journal: Eurasian Business & Economics Journal Pages: 96-100 Volume: 20 Issue: 20 Year: 2019 Month: Feb DOI: 10.17740/eas.econ.2019.V20-06 File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/busecon/article/view/830 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:buseco:v:20:y:2019:i:20:p:96-100 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Elmas KARABIYIK Author-Email: elmas.karabiyik@birliktealalim.com Author-Name: Funda H. SEZGİN Author-Email: hfundasezgin@yahoo.com Title: AN ANALYSIS FOR THE GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION Abstract: In the process of transition from planned economy to free market economy and integration with the world economy, the Russian Federation faced significant social, economic and political problems both at home and in the international arena. Despite all these problems and crises, the Russian Federation was able to maintain its claim that it is one of the important players in the world economy by developing important policies and strategies in the transition to the world economy and free market economy. In this study, the global competitiveness structure of the Russian Federation is examined in detail. The result of the study is that the Russian Federation will continue to claim a strong economy by increasing its future global competitiveness. Journal: Eurasian Business & Economics Journal Pages: 101-116 Volume: 20 Issue: 20 Year: 2019 Month: Feb DOI: 10.17740/eas.econ.2019.V20-07 File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/busecon/article/view/831 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:buseco:v:20:y:2019:i:20:p:101-116 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Burcu KILINÇ SAVRUL Author-Email: kilincburcu@hotmail.com Author-Name: Onur YAĞIŞ Author-Email: onuryagis@hotmail.com Title: THE EFFECTS OF RENEWABLE ENERGY GENERATION ON CO2 EMISSIONS: PANEL DATA ANALYSIS FOR BRICT AND MINT ECONOMIES Abstract: In this study known as BRICT and MINT economies; Brazil, China, India Indonesia, Mexico, Nigeria, Russia, Turkey and South Africa, for renewable energy production, per capita real income, industrial capacity and trade variables and their impact on CO2 emissions, [1996-2014] period of the horizontal section, using annual data. The data were analyzed by using data analysis method. Stability of series; Horizontal cross-sectional dependence and common factors were taken into consideration by Hadri-Kurozumi (2012) test which is one of the second generation unit root tests. Westerlung-Edgerton (2007) LM bootstrap test was used to determine long-term regression coefficients after cointegration analysis. Common Correlated Effect (CCE) model method was used. As a result of the study; When the effects of renewable energy production, real income per capita, industrial volume and trade variables on CO2 emissions are examined, it is seen that renewable energy production and real income per capita negative industrial volume have positive statistically significant effects. Journal: Eurasian Business & Economics Journal Pages: 117-131 Volume: 20 Issue: 20 Year: 2019 Month: Feb DOI: 10.17740/eas.econ.2019.V20-08 File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/busecon/article/view/832 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:buseco:v:20:y:2019:i:20:p:117-131 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: admin admin Author-Email: admin@admin.com Author-Workplace-Name: Avrasya Akademi Author-Email: cansu-karabulut@hotmail.com Title: HYBRID-PAPERLESS ADOPTION & INTEGRATION IN FOREIGN TRADE: EVALUATION OF THE CURRENT SITUATION IN TURKEY Abstract: Unprecedented technological changes are taking place in the extremely chaotic business environment of today. Removing paper-based processes and increasing integration have become a strategic priority in all business lines. Nevertheless, foreign trade area can still be regarded as relatively conservative. Traditional paper-oriented process still continues to be widely used in the field of foreign trade. Therefore, there is a need for a radical and comprehensive shift from paper-based approach to full integration by means of electronic documents. Foreign trade transactions are currently performed in a mixed way, which varies between digital and traditional. This phenomenon is called hybrid-paperless solutions. The main purpose of this paper is to clarify the current situation of hybrid-paperless adoption and the level of integration in Turkey by conducting qualitative analysis. For this purpose, interviews have been performed to understand the prevailing perceptions of foreign trade practitioners. Journal: Eurasian Business & Economics Journal Pages: 132-142 Volume: 20 Issue: 20 Year: 2019 Month: Feb File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/busecon/article/view/833 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:buseco:v:20:y:2019:i:20:p:132-142 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Necla TUNAY Author-Email: necla.tunay@marmara.edu.tr Author-Name: K. Batu TUNAY Author-Email: batu.tunay@marmara.edu.tr Title: INTERACTION OF MACRO FINANCIAL SHOCKS AND BANKING CRISES: CASE OF TURKEY Abstract: After the 2008 Global Crisis, the impact of macroeconomic and financial variables on financial crises, especially bank crises, has been begun discussed more. The findings of the applied studies show that both macroeconomic fluctuations in financial asset prices and important macroeconomic indicators such as growth and inflation have strong interactions with crises. However, in this context, it is seen that the relationship between macro financial variables and bank crisis is not investigated. Turkey which is an important emerging economies and experienced three major banking crisis in the recent history, creates a suitable example for such a study. In this study, the relations between possible macro financial shocks and bank crises were simulated by using quarterly data between 1986 and 2019, and the existence and strength of interactions were investigated. The BL-VAR model developed from the Qual-VAR model was used as the analysis method. The findings show that there are strong interactions between bank crises and macro financial variables. Bank crises are more strongly affected by shocks in financial variables such as exchange rate, interest rate and stock exchange index. However, it was observed that possible bank crises strongly affected all variables, especially macroeconomic indicators such as growth and inflation. Moreover, these interactions last for a long time. Journal: Eurasian Business & Economics Journal Pages: 143-158 Volume: 20 Issue: 20 Year: 2019 Month: Feb File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/busecon/article/view/834 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:buseco:v:20:y:2019:i:20:p:143-158 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K. Batu TUNAY Author-Email: batu.tunay@marmara.edu.tr Author-Name: Devrim YALÇIN Author-Email: batu.tunay@marmara.edu.tr Title: CREDIT RISK AND SECTORAL CONCENTRATION RELATIONSHIP Abstract: The essential principle of risk management is portfolio diversification. Within the framework of portfolio theory, the commercial banks have to optimally distribute the credit risk to the loan portfolio of customers. Therefore, the concentration risk is one of the main reasons which could be cause to expose the loans of a bank to loss. The aim of this paper is to analyze the effect of diversification by sector on the credit risk of loans that the commercial banks lend in Turkey. It is used as a measure of concentration of loans? portfolio which is called The Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) and it is analyzed that the annual data over the years 2002-2018 based on the method of panel VAR. It is also examined that the effect of some other determinants on the nonperforming loans in the study. According to the results obtained, it is determined that there is two-way causality between the level of sectoral concentration of loans and the the credit risk. Journal: Eurasian Business & Economics Journal Pages: 159-175 Volume: 20 Issue: 20 Year: 2019 Month: Feb DOI: 10.17740/eas.econ.2019.V20-11 File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/busecon/article/view/835 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:buseco:v:20:y:2019:i:20:p:159-175 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Funda H. SEZGİN Author-Email: hfundasezgin@yahoo.com Title: AN ANALYSIS OF EFFECTS OF UNIVERSITY INDUSTRY COLLABORATION IN R&D ON THE PATENT APPLICATIONS Abstract: Science-technology-innovation based global competitiveness strategy is vital to achieve sustainable competitiveness for the firms and sustainable economic growth and high level welfare of the society for the countries. In this study, we investigate the effects of university industry collaboration in R&D on the patent applications. We used statistical techniques to the data for 108 countries the year 2019. It is found that there is significant difference among groups having Low-High and Medium-High level university industry collaboration in R&D for patent applications. On the other hand, it is found that there is not significant difference among groups having Low-Medium level university industry collaboration in R&D for patent applications. According to research findings, it is concluded that high level university industry collaboration in R&D is one of the most important factor affecting patentable product and services for this reason public and private sector must increase their collaboration in R&D more efficiently in order to achieve sustainable growth. Journal: Eurasian Business & Economics Journal Pages: 176-184 Volume: 20 Issue: 20 Year: 2019 Month: Feb DOI: 10.17740/eas.econ.2019.V20-12 File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/busecon/article/view/836 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:buseco:v:20:y:2019:i:20:p:176-184 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Duygu CELAYİR Author-Email: dcelayir@ticaret.edu.tr Title: SÜRDÜRÜLEB?L?R DE?ER?N OLU?TURULMASINDA R?SK YÖNET?M?N?N BA?ARISI VE KURUMSAL YÖNET?ME ETK?S? Abstract: ??letmelerin finansal, çevresel ve ya?anan sosyal de?i?imlerden kaynaklanan risklerinin dikkate al?n?p do?ru biçimde yönetilmesi, sürdürülebilirlikle ifade edilmektedir. Ayn? zamanda, i?letmenin örgüt yap?s?na ve finansal durumuna ili?kin riskler de, sürdürülebilir ba?ar? ya da i?letmenin performans? aç?s?ndan yap?s?ndan ve finansal ko?ullardan kaynaklanan riskler de sürdürülebilir i?letme performans? için yönetilmelidir. Bu durum i?letme de?erinin artmas?n? sa?layacak ve i?letmenin sürdürülebilirli?i ile uzun vadede hissedar de?erini yükseltecektir (Aras, 2010). Bu noktada i?letmelerin sürdürülebilir ba?ar?lar?nda en temel faktörler aras?nda etkin bir kurumsal yönetim ile risk yönetimi bulunmaktad?r. Kurumsal yönetim, özellikle son dönemlerde, sürdürülebilir ba?ar? aç?s?ndan i?letmeleri yak?ndan ilgilendiren bir konu hale gelmi?tir. Toplum ile i?letmeler aras?ndaki ili?kiler (hissedar, ortaklar vb.) artarken, kurumsal yönetim kavram? ve ilkeleri de daha fazla tart???lmaya ba?lanm??t?r. Kurumsal yönetim; i?letmelerde yürütülen bütün faaliyetlerde do?rudan ya da dolayl? olarak bütün payda? haklar?n?n korunmas? aç?s?ndan yönetimin sorumluluklar?n? öne ç?karan bir yönetim yakla??m?d?r. Kurumsal yönetim, bir i?letmenin yönetimi ve sahipli?i aras?ndaki ili?kileri içermektedir. ??letme faaliyetlerinde ve yönetiminde de?er olu?turmay? hedeflemekte, hissedar haklar?n? ve di?er ç?kar gruplar?n? (yöneticiler, çal??anlar, tedarikçiler, mü?teriler, kredi verenler) korumaktad?r. Ancak, bu süreçte i?letmeler çe?itli risklerle kar?? kar??ya kalabilmektedir. Özellikle, son 20 y?lda ya?anan ?irket skandallar? (Enron, Worldcom, Parmalat, Ahold, v.b.), uluslararas? piyasalardaki finansal krizler i?letmelerin gelecekte kar??la?abilecekleri riskleri belirleme ve yönetme ihtiyac?n? ortaya ç?karm??t?r. ??letmelerin faaliyet alanlar?nda ya?anan geli?meler de, kar??la??lan risklerin artmas?na neden olmu?tur. ?irketlerin ba?ar?s? büyük ölçüde risklerini önleme, belirleme, azaltma ve yönetme yeteneklerine ba?l? hale gelmi?tir. Ayn? zamanda, yayg?n olarak kullan?lan kurumsal risk yönetimi de, uluslararas? piyasalara kat?lmak ve büyümek isteyen i?letmelerin uygulad??? risk yönetimine ça?da? bir yakla??m olarak geli?mi? ve risk yönetimi kurumsal yönetim yap?s? ile bütünle?tirilmi?tir. Bu çal??mada kurumsal yönetim yap?s? ile risk yönetimi aras?ndaki ili?ki aç?klanm?? ve i?letmelerde sürdürülebilir de?er için ba?ar?l? bir risk yönetiminin kurumsal yönetime etkisi tart???lm??t?r. Journal: Eurasian Business & Economics Journal Pages: 185-193 Volume: 20 Issue: 20 Year: 2019 Month: Feb DOI: 10.17740/eas.econ.2019.V20-13 File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/busecon/article/view/837 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:buseco:v:20:y:2019:i:20:p:185-193 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Uğur AKKOÇ Author-Email: uakkoc@pau.edu.tr Author-Name: Hasan ŞAHİN Author-Email: hasan.sahin@politics.ankara.edu.tr Title: INCOME CONVERGENCE BETWEEN COUNTRIES: ESTIMATION OF BETA CONVERGENCE BY DYNAMIC PANEL DATA METHOD Abstract: Analysis of inequality in income distribution among countries require a detailed examination of the processes of economic growth and convergence. Knowing how the convergence process will work provides insight into the course of the income distribution. In this context, the theoretical and empirical analyses of the convergence hypothesis remain important and up-to-date in the literature. In this study, it is aimed to obtain findings on Beta income convergence between countries by using panel approach. For this purpose, conditional convergence hypothesis has been tested for 31 countries whose data can be reached in the period covering 1999-2013. The analysis focuses on the speed of convergence as well as the presence of convergence. In this analysis using panel data, GMM estimation method was used since it is thought to be the most suitable method for estimating growth regressions. In this context, findings have been reached to support the hypothesis of weak convergence for countries within the sample. On the other hand, openness, investment, and total factor productivity contributed positively to economic growth. Convergence rates, which can be considered as low when compared with the results in the literature, have been reported increasing in direct proportion with the depth of time dimension of the relationship examined. Journal: Eurasian Business & Economics Journal Pages: 194-212 Volume: 20 Issue: 20 Year: 2019 Month: Feb DOI: 10.17740/eas.econ.2019.V20-14 File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/busecon/article/view/838 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:buseco:v:20:y:2019:i:20:p:194-212