Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Selin ÇAKMAK Author-Email: selinyilmazcakmak@hotmail.com Author-Name: Cansın ERKOÇ YILDIZ Author-Email: oducansin@gmail.com Author-Name: Melek KIZILDAĞ Author-Email: melek_atalar@hotmail.com Title: A REVIEW OF PRE-SCHOOL CHILDREN WITH LEARNING DISABILITIES Abstract: When looking at its general characteristics, learning difficulty is defined as "experiencing difficulties in learning despite cognitive abilities being within or above normal limits." To elaborate on this definition, it refers to significant difficulties in acquiring and utilizing skills related to listening, speaking, reading, writing, reasoning, and mathematics. The distinguishing feature in diagnosing this disorder is that it is observed in individuals with normal or above-average intelligence, often leading to the oversight or lack of recognition of these difficulties during the preschool period. Additionally, when describing learning difficulties, it is emphasized that there is a significant discrepancy in reading, writing, and mathematics compared to peers, which generally leads individuals to face challenges in the second and third grades of primary education. However, learning difficulty is not limited to deficiencies in reading, writing, and mathematics; it is a condition that affects all areas of an individual's life. Parents often sense that their children have some kind of difference, but due to not being able to precisely label it, they tend to postpone addressing the issue with the belief that it will eventually resolve itself. By conducting careful observations and seeking competent expert guidance, the behaviors noticed in children can help explain whether they are at risk for this disorder. Particularly, conducting studies targeting children with learning difficulties during the preschool period is of critical importance for early awareness. Based on this perspective, the aim of this study is to raise awareness among parents and all other education stakeholders by highlighting the causes, symptoms, and importance of early identification of learning difficulties in preschool children. A compilation has been made based on previous research on learning difficulties during the preschool period, and recommendations have been provided as the outcome of this study. Journal: Eurasian Education & Literature Journal Pages: 1-15 Volume: 17 Issue: 17 Year: 2023 Month: Feb DOI: 10.17740/eas.edu.2023-V17-01 File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/edulit/article/view/1281 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:edulit:v:17:y:2023:i:17:p:1-15 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Veysel AKDENİZ Author-Email: veyselakdeniz03@gmail.com Title: TEACHERS 'VIEWS AND MOTIVATION LEVEL ABOUT ONLINE LIVE LESSONS Abstract: In this study, teachers' opinions, attitudes and motivation about distance education conducted during the coronavirus (Covid-19) epidemic period were investigated. Teachers' attitudes and perception levels towards distance education were emphasized in the studies that did not have face-to-face education and were carried out with the hybrid model in the future. In this context, data were obtained with an attitude scale developed by Ağır (2007) applied on teachers working in Afyonkarahisar Emirdağ district. The sample of the study consists of 204 teachers from different branches working in Emirdağ district. The data were analyzed with the attitude scale applied on the attitudes of teachers towards live lessons in distance education. Frequencies, average values, t-test and anova were applied and as a result of the research, positive attitudes of teachers towards distance education and live lessons were determined. Journal: Eurasian Education & Literature Journal Pages: 16-29 Volume: 17 Issue: 17 Year: 2023 Month: Feb DOI: 10.17740/eas.edu.2023-V17-02 File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/edulit/article/view/1282 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:edulit:v:17:y:2023:i:17:p:16-29 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Abdulkadir Erkan ARPACI Author-Email: arpacierkan33@gmail.com Author-Name: Mehmet Fatih KIVANÇ Author-Email: fatihkivanc@yaani.com Title: COGRAPHY EDUCATION IN THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE Abstract: This study provides an overview of geography education in the Ottoman Empire's educational institutions. It explores the development of geography in Ottoman territories, the evolutionary changes it underwent during different periods, and the transformations in geography education across those periods. The first section examines the pioneers of Ottoman geography studies and their works. These geographers primarily explored Ottoman lands and the world through travel accounts and maps. The second section focuses on geography education in the Ottoman Empire, categorized by different periods. The Tanzimat era marked a period of significant changes in Ottoman educati systems, including the restructuring of geography educations, the developmenty of new curricula, and the incorporation of principles from modern geography into educational programs. The Second Constitutional Era (Meşrutiyet) witnessed important advancements in primary education, with compulsory and free primary education being established. However, there was a decline in secondary education during this period. The study also examines notable geographers and their works in each era. These geographers conducted geographical explorations in Ottoman territories, delving into topics such as local culture, natural resources, and climate, and published their findings in travel accounts and geography books. In conclusion, geography education in the Ottoman Empire's educational institutions underwent a diverse developmental process across different periods. While the importance and methodologies of geography varied, it consistently held a significant place in Ottoman territories. This study sheds light on the progress made in Ottoman geography education, the influences of different eras, and the contributions of geographers, providing a glimpse into the world of Ottoman geography literature. Journal: Eurasian Education & Literature Journal Pages: 30-45 Volume: 17 Issue: 17 Year: 2023 Month: Feb DOI: 10.17740/eas.edu.2023-V17-03 File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/edulit/article/view/1283 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:edulit:v:17:y:2023:i:17:p:30-45 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sümeyya UZAN Author-Email: dfns0310@hotmail.com Title: REGGIO EMILIA APPROACH IN PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION PROGRAM Abstract: The Reggio Emilia method is one of the alternative methods for early childhood education. In this approach, in which education is advocated according to constructivist pedagogical theories, sociology and pedagogical criticism, children construct knowledge by researching on related subjects, producing projects on subjects that interest them, and they use different methods such as  living in rich environments, using skills in scientific processes and visual arts and games. Although it has been widely used in Turkey in recent years, there has not been enough research on its applications. In this study, it is aimed to examine the reflection of Reggio Emilia's approach to pre-school education programme in Turkey. In this sense, the document analysis technique, one of the qualitative research methods, was used. Journal: Eurasian Education & Literature Journal Pages: 46-63 Volume: 17 Issue: 17 Year: 2023 Month: Feb DOI: 10.17740/eas.edu.2023-V17-04 File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/edulit/article/view/1284 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:edulit:v:17:y:2023:i:17:p:46-63 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sacide GÜLEL Author-Email: sacide_63@hotmail.com Author-Name: Abdurrahim SARGIN Author-Email: abdurrahimsargin42@gmail.com Author-Name: Halil İbrahim ÇETİN Author-Email: lemon19887@gmail.com Title: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TRAINER TRAINING Abstract: Artificial intelligence, which has started to take place in our lives with the rapid development of technology today, is a science and technology field that aims to enable computer systems to have human-like intelligence and cognitive abilities. Artificial intelligence aims for computer programs to use human-like thinking, learning, problem solving and decision making abilities to perform specific tasks. Considering that artificial intelligence will be the basis of the majority of professions in the future, the importance of preparing our teachers and students for this becomes evident once again. Based on this, the aim of this study is to raise awareness in our teachers by training our teachers about artificial intelligence, which has been increasing in recent years and has started to be used in education. With this awareness, it is predicted that both teachers and students will increase their interest in artificial intelligence. With this study carried out by Şanlıurfa Karaköprü District National Education Directorate, 32 teachers were given training on artificial intelligence. At the end of the training, 56.3% of the teachers gave the answer that I strongly agree, 31.2% of them agreed, and it was seen that they were satisfied with the training provided. In the success of the training given, the trainer's having sufficient knowledge about the subject and the willing participation of the teachers in the study provided a great advantage. Based on the findings, recommendations were made at the end of the study. Journal: Eurasian Education & Literature Journal Pages: 64-73 Volume: 17 Issue: 17 Year: 2023 Month: Feb DOI: 10.17740/eas.edu.2023-V17-05 File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/edulit/article/view/1285 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:edulit:v:17:y:2023:i:17:p:64-73 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gülgün YÜKSEL Author-Email: yukselgulgun11@gmail.com Author-Name: Alaattin KORTAK Author-Email: kortak.alaattin@gmail.com Author-Name: Sacide GÜLEL Author-Email: sacide_63@hotmail.com Author-Name: Emine ÖNDEROL GÜMÜŞ Author-Email: e_onderol@hotmail.com Title: EXAMINATION OF 21ST CENTURY SKILLS OF STUDENTS READING IN VILLAGE SECONDARY SCHOOL Abstract: In this study, it was aimed to examine the level of having 21st century skills of village secondary school students according to various variables. The sample of this study, in which the descriptive survey model was used, consists of 210 village secondary school students. In the research, "21st Century Skills Scale for Village Secondary School Students" was used as a data collection tool to examine the level of secondary school students' having 21st century skills. Descriptive statistics and difference analyzes were used in the analysis of the research data. According to the results of the research, it has been determined that the level of 21st century skills of village secondary school students is generally at a low level. In addition, there is a relationship between students' gender, age, grade level, number of siblings, father's education level, mother's education level, family income, their own working environment, internet access, the technological device they use, their leisure time and 21st century skill levels. No significant difference was detected. The lack of this difference is thought to be due to the fact that individuals have similar socioeconomic family structures and environmental conditions. Journal: Eurasian Education & Literature Journal Pages: 74-84 Volume: 17 Issue: 17 Year: 2023 Month: Feb DOI: 10.17740/eas.edu.2023-V17-06 File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/edulit/article/view/1286 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:edulit:v:17:y:2023:i:17:p:74-84