Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alper YALÇIN Author-Email: alperyalcin36@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Kafkas Üniversitesi Author-Name: Sevda YALÇIN Author-Email: sevdayalcin3636@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Kafkas Üniversitesi Title: Armenia?s Economics (1991-2014) And Future Perspectives After Independence Abstract: The economic policy of the Soviet Union was managed from a single center that implemented an economic system aimed at achieving economic growth, employment, and development. While on the one hand this central authority attempted to impose particular areas of specialization, it also required some of its constituents to depend on other countries that produced products that were themselves determined by the central economic authority. United to the other Soviet States under this system, Armenia, most of whose resources were in the hands of Moscow, was one of the members of the Soviet Union most affected by the economic dependency that was implemented. The Glasnost and Perestroika policies the Soviet Union adopted in the late 1980?s not only brought to an end the socialist power that had endured for seventy-two years after being established in the 1917 October Revolution; they also destroyed both the Soviet Union, one of the two main actors of the nearly forty-year ?Cold War,? and ''The Eastern Bloc'', which had been pioneered by the Soviet Union. As a result, including countries of this block began to declare their independence. Armenia which is one of three countries along with Georgia and Azerbaijan in the South Caucasus Region, declared its independence in 1991 by getting involved in this process. Since independence, Armenia has seen the administration of a permanent war economy, as well as isolation from the international community, due to the occupation of Nagorno-Karabakh. These factors, in addition to corruption and structural problems in the country, have hampered the stable and sustained entry of foreign investment. These developments have also adversely affected the international trade upon which the economy depends. In the present study, an overview and assessment of the Armenian economy will be presented, along with a proposal for the economic future of the country. The authors cite comments on the subject by the Central Bank of Armenia and the official National Statistical Service, as well as by independent international economic institutions such as the World Bank and the IMF; The authors base their study on data from economic organizations that rely on the results of scientific research. Journal: Avrasya Çalışmaları Dergisi Pages: 0-0 Volume: 3 Issue: 3 Year: 2016 Month: Mar DOI: 10.17740/eas.econ.2016.V4-06 File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/eurasian/article/view/393 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:eustud:v:3:y:2016:i:3:p:0-0 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Remzi BULUT Author-Email: rbulut@mehmetakif.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: MAKÜ Title: THE ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL STRUCTURE OF GAGAUZIAN TURKS Abstract: Most of the Gagauz population live in Bucak region in the South of Republic of Moldova. Gagauz people?s language has the closest accent to Turkish language spoken in Turkey. The Gagauz gained their autonomy September 23 in 1993. Their population covers %4 of the total population of Moldova. Despite the fact that The Gagauz is a small society in the Balkans, Turkey attaches high importance to them. The connection between Gagauz people and Turkey reaches to the first years of Turkish Republic. Ataturk met the needs of The Gagauz and supported them in those years. In this study political statute, ethnic identity, economic situation and the geographical position of Gagauz people have been examined. The Gagauz that had not known well by Turks until the 1990s has been researched in details. Besides it has been mentioned that Gagauz people bridge The Republic of Moldova and Turkey both culturally and commercially as well as building amity between two nations. Journal: Avrasya Çalışmaları Dergisi Pages: 0-0 Volume: 3 Issue: 3 Year: 2016 Month: Mar DOI: 10.17740/eas.eus.2016-V3-02 File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/eurasian/article/view/394 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:eustud:v:3:y:2016:i:3:p:0-0 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gülnar KARA Author-Email: gulnarkara06@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Title: INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES OF RUSSIAN GENERAL A. N. KUROPATKIN IN ISTANBUL Abstract: Connecting the Black Sea to the Mediterranean, the Turkish Straits have always been of great importance in terms of economy, military and politics. To own the Turkish Straits and ?stanbul was one of the primary desires of Russians. In the 19th century, Russia considered the weakening of Ottoman Empire as an opportunity and thought that it is now the time to take firm actions. To that end, they established a navy in the Black Sea and took some measures. Especially after the war of 1877-1878, this issue had never fell of the agenda of Russian government. The Russian government had sent spies at periodically in order to calculate the possible success rate of an attack against the Bosporus and ?stanbul and the extent of military force required for that and to determine the most suitable locations for assault. General A. N. Kuropatkin, one of these spies, visited ?stanbul in 1886 with a false name and gathered intelligence. This study will cover the explorations made by A.N. Kuropatkin in the Bosporus and their consequences based on his own memories. Journal: Avrasya Çalışmaları Dergisi Pages: 0-0 Volume: 3 Issue: 3 Year: 2016 Month: Mar DOI: 10.17740/eas.eus.2016-V3-03 File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/eurasian/article/view/395 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:eustud:v:3:y:2016:i:3:p:0-0 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eray BAYRAMOL Author-Email: ebayramol@hotmail.com Title: Armenian Policy of Tsarist Russia in Russian Diplomatic Documents 1912-1914 Abstract: In the dates of events occurred in Eastern Turkey, comments on the combat environment was not benefited enough for an Armenian autonomy or independence were placed in the news, newspaper articles, journal articles and also Russian diplomatic reports. The reform project, which was put forward by Russia as reform attempts in regions where Armenians lived, was actually an initiative that would lead to the Armenians autonomy. The following statements of all Armenians? Katagigos were in the report sent in 1912 by Giers, who was the Russian Ambassador in ?stanbul, to the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Katagigos of all Armenians is begging with the name of God to Russia, who became a hero of the Christian people in the East with the help of its auxiliary in Caucasia, to take much suffered Turkish Armenians under the auspices. In addition to this, what the Russian helps meant for Armenians was clearly understood in Katogigos Kevork?s letter of thanks to Tsar in 1914. Kevork, who stated his grateful to Tsar for taking the Armenians under the auspices, said that via Armenian reform Project, improvements and regulations for Armenians would actualised and this would motivate the all Christians for a finansal, spiritual, sacred and holy union and cooperation. The conclusions were being summed up by saying that the initiative passed to Russia since this process, which was seen as great progress and development, was actualised with superior diplomacy of Your Excellency. Journal: Avrasya Çalışmaları Dergisi Pages: 0-0 Volume: 3 Issue: 3 Year: 2016 Month: Mar DOI: 10.17740/eas.eus.2016-V3-04 File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/eurasian/article/view/396 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:eustud:v:3:y:2016:i:3:p:0-0