Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hürriyet BİLGE Author-Email: hurriyet.bilge@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Author-Name: Esra TÜRE Author-Email: hurriyet.bilge@gmail.com Title: THE EFFECT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CYNICISM LEVELS ON JOB SATISFACTION Abstract: In this study, the relationship between demographic characteristic and organizational cynicism sub-dimensions and job satisfaction of the employees who work at a private company in ?stanbul, are examined. The demographic variables of business employees are independent variables, and organizational cynicism?s sub-dimensions and job satisfaction?s dimensions are dependant variables. The variables in the study are analysed by reliability and factor analysis test, t-test, one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), correlation analysis using SPSS for Windows 21.0 package programme. As a result of the analysis, as the employee?s age is increased, organizational cynicism only made a difference on the cognity dimension and again unless the employees had a disease, they had more job satisfaction than those who had a physical/ mental illness. As a result of correlation analysis, it was determined that organizational cynicism dimensions had a linear and positive intermediate level of that between them, also there was a close linear and negative relationship between job satisfaction and subdimensions of organizational cynicism. Journal: Avrasya Çalışmaları Dergisi Pages: 0-0 Volume: 11 Issue: 11 Year: 2019 Month: Mar DOI: 10.17740/eas.eus.2019-V11-01 File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/eurasian/article/view/431 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:eustud:v:11:y:2019:i:11:p:0-0 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hürriyet BİLGE Author-Email: hurriyet.bilge@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Author-Name: Meryem BAYRAM Author-Email: hurriyet.bilge@gmail.com Title: THE EFFECT OF LETTER OF CREDIT ON EXPORT: THE EXAMPLE OF AEGEAN REGION Abstract: Countries has the forms of delivery and payment they used when they make foreign trade. One of these payment methods, letter of credit, is the most reliable payment method and the payment method that protects the rights of both parties. The letter of credit is an assurance that payment will be made after the fulfillment of certain conditions for the payment of the goods for export. The aim of this study is to determine whether how effective and important the letter of payment among all other payment methods in Aegean Region export. In this context, the export amounts according to payment methods between 2011 and 2018 were analyzed received from Aegean Exporters' Associations. Payment method with letter of credit were evaluated advantages and usability by comparing the with other payment methods. Journal: Avrasya Çalışmaları Dergisi Pages: 0-0 Volume: 11 Issue: 11 Year: 2019 Month: Mar DOI: 10.17740/eas.eus.2019-V11-03 File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/eurasian/article/view/432 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:eustud:v:11:y:2019:i:11:p:0-0 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alan Abrek KOÇKAR Author-Email: abrek.kockar@gmail.com Author-Name: Ayten KAPLAN Author-Email: aykap@hacettepe.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Hacettepe Üniversitesi Title: CIRCASSIAN MUSIC AND INSTRUMENTS Abstract: The aim of this study is to investigate the traditional music and instruments of the Circassians from the North-West People of Caucasus. The vast majority of Circassians, who lived through the 19th century's largest exile and immigration, were settled by the Ottoman Empire in Anatolia and the Balkans since 1864. These people, who are intertwined with music and dance in their social lives, tried to preserve their traditional music as a means of keeping their identity and keeping tradition and cultural heritage alive. During, they replaced some of their lost instruments, music and dances with new ones. Those who remained in the Caucasus somewhat managed to preserve their traditional instruments, music and dance traditions. In this study qualitative research system is used. Voice record resources compiled by musicologists, ethnologists and various researchers, publications and visual resources were searched and internet search was made. Some of the audio and video resource samples are added at the end of this notice via Qr Code. Journal: Avrasya Çalışmaları Dergisi Pages: 0-0 Volume: 11 Issue: 11 Year: 2019 Month: Mar DOI: 10.17740/eas.eus.2019-V11-04 File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/eurasian/article/view/433 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:eustud:v:11:y:2019:i:11:p:0-0 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mohammad RANJBARI Author-Email: mohammadranjbari@yyu.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Title: THE PROBLEMS OF NON-GUITAR COMPOSERS RELATED TO WRITING MUSIC TO CLASSICAL GUITAR Abstract: ?The guitar is an instrument suitable for accompanying the voice and taking part in instrumental part of intimate character; it is equally appropriate for solo performance of more or less complicated compositions in severel voices, which possess true charm when performed by real virtuosos? (Berlioz, 1843, 66). In this study, the researcher has tried to establish the problems which non-guitarist composer deal with on writing music for classical guitar. it is attempted to verify the lack of information, compared with other instruments, concerning this instrument, in the syllabus of composition courses at Turkish conservatories. To do this, the researcher prepared a questionnaire to collect information about this problem. It has been sent to professors teaching and dealing with this problem at composition sections of conservatories in different parts of Turkey. An analysis of the given answers clarified the existing lacks in more detail and prepared the ground to continue the study in order to reach a solution. Journal: Avrasya Çalışmaları Dergisi Pages: 0-0 Volume: 11 Issue: 11 Year: 2019 Month: Mar DOI: 10.17740/eas.eus.2019-V11-05 File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/eurasian/article/view/434 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:eustud:v:11:y:2019:i:11:p:0-0 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Özgen KÜÇÜKGÖKÇE Author-Email: ozgengokce@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Ege Üniversitesi Title: SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES OF ??ÛBE?S IN LADIKLI MEHMED ÇELEBI?S WORKS ?ZEYNÜ?L ELHÂN? AND ?ER-RISÂLETÜ?L FETHIYYE? Abstract: The art of music always maintained its importance in every civilization founded by Turks. They brought together their music culture from Central Asia to Anatolia and they improved this music culture in Anatolia. The most important factor in this conveyance is written music documents. Among these written documents, ?edvâr?s are basic resources about Turkish music theory. Edvârs written by music scholars such as Fârâbî, ?bn-i Sinâ, Safiyüddin Abdülmümin Urmevî, Abdülkadir Merâgî and Lâdikli Mehmed Çelebi in Central Asia shed light to these days. Among them, two works of Lâdikli Mehmed Çelebi present important information about ?makâm?, ?âvâze?, ??ûbe? and ?terkip? which constitute the basis of Turkish music theory. It is known that the first work of Lâdikli Mehmed Çelebi about music theory is ?Zeynü?l- Elhân fî ?lmi?t- Te?lîfî ve?l Evzân? written in 1483. The title of the work which he wrote in 1484 is ?er-Risâletü?l Fethiyye?. Lâdikli Mehmed Çelebi presented the names and orders of ?makâm?, ?âvâze?, ??ûbe? and ?terkip? descriptively in his works. He described 4 ??ûbe? in his first work ?Zeynü?l- Elhân? and 24 ??ûbe? in his work ?Fethiyye? and indicated that these statements belonged to older scholars. It is necessary to examine the differences of ??ûbe?s categorised by him according to newer and elder scholars comparatively. The subject of this study is the similarities and differences of Ladikli Mehmed Çelebi?s assessments in his two works about ??ûbe? in accordance with the data obtained from the presentation of these two works comparatively. Journal: Avrasya Çalışmaları Dergisi Pages: 0-0 Volume: 11 Issue: 11 Year: 2019 Month: Mar DOI: 10.17740/eas.eus.2019-V11-06 File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/eurasian/article/view/435 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:eustud:v:11:y:2019:i:11:p:0-0 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kutluk Kağan SÜMER Author-Email: kutluk@istanbul.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: İstanbul Üniversitesi Title: Opportunities and Challenges in the Context of Economic Relations with Turkey Russian Federation Abstract: It is a known fact that while Turkey and Russian are bordering neighbors, there are large differences between the two countries in terms of geographical integrity and total production. However, the nations share the same geography since ancient ages, hence there are a lot of cultural similarities between them. The relationship between Turkey and Russia spans commerce, energy and tourism and other fields with potential to develop. Development of commercial activities between Turkey and Russia, two prominent centers of power in the region, also carries the potential to reduce these countries' dependencies to western countries in these areas. The cooperation between Turkey and Russia in the energy field will increase reliability of Turkey in terms of energy procurement, therefore increasing the country's strategic importance. A cooperation between the two countries in terms of security will only provide stability to both countries, but also to every area on which these countries have dominance. Cooperation in many other sectors, specifically in tourism and education, will create even stronger bonds between the nations of the two countries which share many cultural elements. It should also be stressed that it is quite in favor of certain other centers of political power when the Turkish-Russian relationships are less than ideal. Any deterioration in the two countries' economical and commercial relations directly mean losses amounting to millions of USD for both economies. Journal: Avrasya Çalışmaları Dergisi Pages: 0-0 Volume: 11 Issue: 11 Year: 2019 Month: Mar DOI: 10.17740/eas.eus.2019-V11-07 File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/eurasian/article/view/436 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:eustud:v:11:y:2019:i:11:p:0-0