Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Azer GÜRCAN Author-Email: azergurcan@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Balıkesir Üniversitesi Title: TURKISH PRESENCE ON THE ISLAND OF RHODES IN THE 14TH CENTURY: TRADE, POLITICS, AND MILITARY ACTIVITIES Abstract: This study examines the presence of Turks on the island of Rhodes in the 14th century within the contexts of trade, politics, and military activities. Following the fall of Acre, the strategy of the Crusader movement underwent a transformation, and the Hospitaller Knights’ conquest of Rhodes in 1310 reshaped the Crusader presence in the Aegean. The strategic location of Rhodes was of great significance to both the Crusaders and the Turkish principalities of Anatolia. During this period, the island was subjected to Turkish pirate attacks while simultaneously becoming a center for commercial interactions between the Crusaders and the Turks. Historical sources indicate that the Turks established control over Rhodes for a certain period before being expelled by the Hospitallers. The Hospitallers’ conquest of Rhodes altered the balance of power in the Aegean, leading to alliances between the Genoese and the Turks against the knights. Throughout this process, conflict between the Crusaders and the Turks persisted, yet an inevitable commercial and political interaction also continued. This study explores these dynamics by analyzing various historical sources, providing a comprehensive assessment of Rhodes' strategic and political position in the 14th century. Journal: Eurasian Studies Journal Pages: 12-21 Volume: 18 Issue: 18 Year: 2025 Month: Feb DOI: 10.17740/eas.eus.2024-V18-02 File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/eurasian/article/view/1574 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:eustud:v:18:y:2024:i:18:p:12-21 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Azer GÜRCAN Author-Email: azergurcan@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Balıkesir Üniversitesi Title: BALANCE OF POWER IN THE AEGEAN SEA: THE STRUGGLE FOR CHIOS BETWEEN THE GENOESE AND THE TURKS Abstract: This article examines the Genoese-Turkish struggle over Chios in the 14th century and discusses the geopolitical significance of the island. Chios became a strategically important region for both the Genoese and the Turks due to its central position in maritime trade and its proximity to Anatolia. Aydınoğlu Mehmet Bey’s attempt to seize the island in 1319 is considered one of the key moments in the conflict between Latin rule and the Turks. Papal sources and contemporary chronicles indicate that this struggle was perceived not only as a regional power struggle but also as a religious crusade within the Christian world. The article highlights the economic and commercial significance of Chios while analyzing the impact of papal support for the Genoese and the Knights Hospitaller in this conflict. Pope John XXII’s commercial and spiritual privileges granted to the Zaccaria family strengthened the island’s economic power and positioned it as a crucial part of Christian defense within the Latin world. At the same time, the papacy’s prioritization of the defense of Latin colonies suggests that the Turks had come to be perceived as the primary Muslim threat in the Eastern Mediterranean. The process of documenting these battles is also explored by addressing the inconsistencies among papal letters, chronicles, and contemporary narratives, revealing how these sources shaped historical writing. Ultimately, the conflicts over Chios are assessed not merely as a regional power struggle but as a significant example of how Crusader ideology was reflected in naval warfare. Journal: Eurasian Studies Journal Pages: 01-10 Volume: 18 Issue: 18 Year: 2025 Month: Feb File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/eurasian/article/view/1575 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:eustud:v:18:y:2024:i:18:p:01-10 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Harun AYDEMİR Author-Email: harunaydemmir91@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Balıkesir Üniversitesi Title: SCHOLARS GROWING IN HERAT AND SISTAN DURING THE GREAT SELJUK PERIOD Abstract: The Great Seljuk State ruled as an important power in Central Asia and Iran from the mid-11th century onwards. During this period, regions such as Herat and Sistan became centers of science and culture in the Islamic world, and many important scholars were trained. The Seljuk rulers gave great importance to science and art, and encouraged developments in mathematics, astronomy, philosophy, medicine, literature and religious sciences in particular. Thanks to this, cities such as Herat and Sistan became one of the leading scientific centers of the period. Herat was one of the important cultural and religious centers of the Great Seljuk State, and was especially known for its madrasahs and libraries. The scholars who were trained here both contributed to Islamic thought and left works that paved the way for scientific developments in the Western world. Important studies were carried out in Herat, especially in fields such as mathematics, astronomy and theology. Sistan, on the other hand, was an important region of the Seljuk period, and many scientists and thinkers were trained here. Scholars from Sistan were well-versed in sciences such as logic, philosophy and Sufism, and gave direction to important currents of thought of the period. The contributions of scholars who grew up in Herat and Sistan during the Great Seljuk period had an important place not only in the Islamic world of the period, but also in the history of world science. These scholars showed their influence not only in their own geography, but also in distant lands. Journal: Eurasian Studies Journal Pages: 22-33 Volume: 18 Issue: 18 Year: 2025 Month: Feb DOI: 10.17740/eas.eus.2024-V18-03 File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/eurasian/article/view/1576 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:eustud:v:18:y:2024:i:18:p:22-33 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Serkan SARI Author-Email: serkan.sari@balikesir.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Balıkesir Üniversitesi Author-Name: Harun AYDEMİR Author-Email: harunaydemmir91@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Balıkesir Üniversitesi Title: CONTENTS OF MIZANUL-HIKMEN AND SCIENTIFIC OPINIONS OF SCHOLARS IN THE WORK Abstract: Abdurahman al-Hazini was an Islamic scholar and mathematician who lived in the 11th century. One of his most important works, “Mizan al-Hikma”, presents the balances in nature and their scientific explanations by focusing on the concept of balance (mizan). The work includes al-Hazini’s scientific thoughts, especially in the fields of physics, astronomy and mathematics. While Mizan al-Hikma develops theories to understand the balances in nature, it reveals the mathematical foundations of physical laws. The scientific views of many important thinkers are also included in the work. By integrating the views of these thinkers into his own works, he tried to unite both Islamic and Western scientific traditions. Mizan al-Hikma is not only a scientific compilation, but also a philosophical and scientific research aimed at understanding the laws of nature and the universe. This work of al-Hazini made significant contributions to the scientific thoughts of the period and reinterpreted the ideas of ancient thinkers in the Islamic world, thus contributing greatly to the development of science. Journal: Eurasian Studies Journal Pages: 01-11 Volume: 18 Issue: 18 Year: 2025 Month: Feb DOI: 10.17740/eas.eus.2024-V18-01 File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/eurasian/article/view/1577 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:eustud:v:18:y:2024:i:18:p:01-11 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Serkan SARI Author-Email: serkan.sari@balikesir.edu.tr Author-Workplace-Name: Balıkesir Üniversitesi Author-Name: Nihal YILMAZ DEMİRASLAN Author-Email: nihalyilmaz7006@hotmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Balıkesir Üniversitesi Title: AN EVALUATION OF THE ESTATE INVENTORY OF GRAND VIZIER ÇORLULU ALI PASHA Abstract: This study examines the muhallefat (estate inventory) records of Çorlulu Ali Pasha, one of the grand viziers of the Ottoman Empire in the 18th century, aiming to shed light on the material culture of high-ranking Ottoman bureaucrats. Having risen to the position of grand vizier and eventually exiled and executed, Çorlulu Ali Pasha’s possessions offer significant insights into his lifestyle, cultural inclinations, and social status. The research is based on three separate muhallefat records found in the archive. These documents list a wide variety of items, including books, garments, kitchenware, weapons, jewelry, personal care items, tents, musical instruments, animals, and textiles. Notably, his extensive collection of religious and literary books, luxurious garments made of precious fabrics and furs, refined dining sets, and ornamental items reflect the consumption habits and daily life of the Ottoman elite. This study provides a comprehensive perspective on the social structure and court protocol of the Ottoman Empire through the lens of material culture. Journal: Eurasian Studies Journal Pages: 34-51 Volume: 18 Issue: 18 Year: 2025 Month: Feb DOI: 10.17740/eas.eus.2024-V18-04 File-URL: https://eurasianacademy.org/index.php/eurasian/article/view/1579 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eas:eustud:v:18:y:2024:i:18:p:34-51